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作者通过熔炼热力学和动力学分析,探索出在感应电炉中稳定地大量增碳、大量投用废钢而制得合成铸铁的途径,并已在两个工厂用于生产。采用这种方法生产出的合成铸铁,较之相同熔炼条件下生产的普通灰铸铁具有以下特点和优点:石墨短小1~2级并增厚,纯头石墨增多并呈A型分布;基体98%以上为珠光体,共晶团细小1~2级;抗拉强度提高1~2级,白口倾向和壁厚敏感性显著降低,综合性能稳定;共晶度为0．95时,强度接近HT25—47,共晶度0.85时,4.5~7mm薄壁件不出现白口且切削性能良好;试生产中铸件的白口、缩松等废品大幅度下降;熔炼过程中,一般不增加电耗;随废钢配比的增加,铁水的成本可降低10—40%。文中着重探讨了大量增碳的途径和配加废钢、变质剂对性能的影响。
Through melting thermodynamics and kinetic analysis, the authors explored a way to produce a synthetic cast iron by steadily adding large amounts of carbon in induction furnaces and using it in large quantities, and has been used in two plants for production. The synthetic cast iron produced by this method has the following characteristics and advantages compared with the ordinary gray cast iron produced under the same smelting conditions: the graphite is shortened 1 to 2 times thicker and thicker, the pure graphite increases and exhibits a type A distribution; the matrix 98% The above is pearlite with 1 ~ 2 eutectics. The tensile strength increased by 1 ~ 2, the tendency of white mouth and wall thickness were significantly reduced, and the overall performance was stable. When the eutectic degree was 0.95, the strength was close to that of HT25 -47, eutectic 0.85, 4.5 ~ 7mm thin-walled parts do not appear white and good cutting performance; trial production of white castings, shrinkage and other waste products dropped significantly; smelting process, generally do not increase power consumption; With the increase of scrap ratio, the cost of hot metal can be reduced by 10-40%. This article focuses on the ways of adding a large amount of carbon and adding scrap, modifiers on the performance.