肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)属于嗜神经的小RNA病毒,是引起手足口病(hand-foot-and-mouth disease,HFMD)的主要病原之一,同时也是引起重症HFMD的主要病原。自1969年EV71首次被发现以来,在世界范围内引起HFMD周期性的暴发流行,且与无菌性脑炎、急性非迟缓性瘫痪、脑干脑炎及神经源性肺水肿等严重神经系统并发症密切相关。近年来手足口病发病率大幅增长,EV71相关的重症手足口病病例亦逐年增多,严重危害儿童的生命健康。目前尚无针对 Enterovirus 71 (EV71), a neurotropic picornavirus, is one of the major pathogens causing hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and is also the major causative agent of severe HFMD . Since the first discovery of EV71 in 1969, it has caused a cyclical outbreak of HFMD in the world and has been associated with severe nervous system complications such as aseptic encephalitis, acute non-retarded paralysis, brainstem encephalitis and neurogenic pulmonary edema Disease is closely related. In recent years, the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease has risen sharply. The number of cases of EV71-related severe hand-foot-mouth disease has also increased year by year, seriously endangering children’s lives and health. Currently there is no target