目的调查分析山东省日照地区10所中学600名中学生的错畸形情况。方法选择2013年上半学期山东省日照地区10所中学的600名中学生进行调查,包括男生311名,女生289名,采取儿童填写调查问卷及专业医师口腔检查相结合的方式进行,采用室内自然光线,口内直视检查及问诊,并作记录,同时计算错畸形患病率与性别的关系;各种安氏分类的构成比、各种错畸形的类型构成与各种不良口腔习惯的关系等。结果 600名中学生中,正常者有210名,错者有390名,患病率为65.0%。其中男生错畸形有198名,患病率为63.7%(198/311),女生错畸形有178名,患病率为61.6%(178/289),男女性别间患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.034,P>0.05)。安氏分类构成结果显示,在390名错畸形患者中,安氏Ⅰ类234名(60.0%),安氏Ⅱ类98名(25.1%),安氏Ⅲ类58名(14.9%)。错畸形的类型构成结果显示,在各种错畸形的类型中,牙列拥挤所占比例最大,约35.9%,其次为上颌前突及深覆盖、牙错位或扭转、深覆。不良口腔习惯统计结果显示,390名错畸形中学生中,口呼吸、咬唇、偏侧咀嚼、咬物习惯、吮指和吐舌习惯均超过50.0%。结论山东省日照市地区中学生恒牙列错畸形患病率高,临床表现复杂多样,这与日常口腔用牙的生活习惯关系密切。因此在以后的工作中应加强预防错畸形的宣传教育,对已出现的错畸形及时矫治,做到早防早治,提高儿童的口腔健康水平。 Objective To investigate the malformation and deformity of 600 middle school students in 10 middle schools in Rizhao, Shandong Province. Methods A total of 600 middle school students from 10 secondary schools in Rizhao, Shandong Province during the first semester of 2013 were selected to conduct the survey, including 311 boys and 289 girls. The questionnaire survey was completed by children and oral examinations were performed by professional physicians. The indoor natural light , Oral open-mouth examination and interrogation, and make records, at the same time calculate the incidence of malformation deformity and the relationship between gender; the composition ratio of a variety of Angle classification, a variety of malformations malformations with a variety of bad oral habits Relationship and so on. Results Among the 600 middle school students, 210 were normal and 390 were wrong, with a prevalence of 65.0%. There were 198 male malformations, the prevalence was 63.7% (198/311), the female malformations malformations were 178, the prevalence was 61.6% (178/289), the prevalence of male and female gender differences No statistical significance (χ2 = 1.034, P> 0.05). The classification results of Angle’s classification showed that among the 390 patients with malformation deformity, 234 (60.0%) were Class Ⅰ, 98 (25.1%) were Class Ⅱ and 58 (14.9%) were Class Ⅲ. The incidence of malformations showed that in the types of malformations, the largest proportion of dentition crowding was about 35.9%, followed by the maxillary protrusion and deep covering, the dislocation or torsion of teeth, and the deep covering. Bad oral habits statistics showed that 390 students with malformation malformations mouth breathing, bite lip, unilateral chewing, bite habits, sucking and tongue habit are more than 50.0%. Conclusion The prevalence rate of permanent dentition malformations in middle school students in Rizhao City, Shandong Province is high, and the clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, which is closely related to the daily oral dental habits. Therefore, in the future work should be to prevent malocclusion deformity of publicity and education, the malformations have occurred promptly corrected orthodontics, early prevention and early treatment, to improve children’s oral health.