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中国的台湾省是一个多族群组成的地区,一般可分为原住民、闽南人、客家人和外省人四个族群。据近期统计,台湾全地区人口约二千万,其中闽南人约占73%,客家人占12%,外省人占13%左右,原住民不到2%。在这个仅三万多平方公里的区域内,多族群混杂相处,语言相互影响,加之与大陆语言社会长期隔绝,从而形成一个复杂而有特色的语言环境,被中外语言学者们看作是检验社会语言学理论的理想实验室。以下是关于台湾语言现状的一个概述。我们所作的还仅是初步研究,所涉及的问题仅限于台湾的双语现象和台湾国语两个方面。
Taiwan Province of China is a multi-ethnic region, generally divided into four ethnic groups: Indigenous peoples, Taiwanese, Hakka and other provinces. According to recent statistics, Taiwan’s population in the entire region is about 20 million, of which about 73% are from Minnan, 12% from Hakka, 13% from other provinces and less than 2% from Aboriginal people. In this area of just over 30,000 square kilometers, the multi-ethnic groups get along with each other and their language influence each other. Moreover, they have been isolated from the mainland language society for a long time to form a complex and distinctive language environment. They are regarded by Chinese and foreign language scholars as the test of society Ideal Laboratory of Linguistic Theory. The following is an overview of the current status of Taiwanese language. What we have done is only a preliminary study. The problems involved are only limited to the bilingual phenomena in Taiwan and the two aspects of Taiwan’s national language.