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各国公共支出规模膨胀过程中的潜在问题,特别是欧洲一些国家的财政危机引起了人们的广泛关注。所以,研究在调整社会福利的同时降低政府公共支出规模的问题,就显得非常重要。根据中国省级政府的面板数据研究,结果发现:城市化对于政府支出规模具有明显的扩张效应,公共教育需求却具有明显的规模经济效应。基于实证分析的结果,未来中国的地方财政必须要优化支出结构、强化支出管理,在“有增有减、减大于增”的政策取向上进行改革。
The potential problems in the expansion of public expenditures in various countries, especially the financial crises in some European countries, have drawn people’s attention. Therefore, it is very important to study the issue of reducing the scale of government public expenditure while adjusting social welfare. According to the panel data of Chinese provincial governments, the results show that urbanization has a significant expansion effect on the scale of government expenditure, and public education needs have obvious economies of scale. Based on the results of empirical analysis, in the future, China’s local finance must optimize the expenditure structure and strengthen the expenditure management, and carry out the reform in the policy orientation of “increasing, decreasing, increasing”.