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目的为下一步贵州省伤寒、副伤寒防控工作提供科学依据。方法就贵州省1951-2014年伤寒、副伤寒的发病趋势、特点及防治工作进行综述。结果贵州省从1951年以来,到2014年64年期间共报告伤寒、副伤寒病例512 142例,年平均发病率29.12/10万,有3个流行高峰,以第2个高峰(1979-1995年)为主,主要发生在该省西部,因耐药菌株出现造成;全省88个县市均有伤寒、副伤寒病例发生;由于该省属卡斯特地貌,水源污染是造成伤寒、副伤寒暴发流行(64.82%)的主要原因;不同年代,伤寒、副伤寒杆菌耐药率不同,应用噬菌体或PFGE方法,对该省伤寒、副伤寒杆菌进行分型,均显示为多个型;在防控措施上,对隔离传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感人群3个环节上进行了探索。结论防控伤寒、副伤寒等肠道传染病,政府应高度重视,从治本上解决问题是关键。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of typhoid and paratyphoid in the next step in Guizhou Province. Methods The incidence trends, characteristics and prevention and treatment of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Guizhou Province from 1951 to 2014 were reviewed. Results A total of 512 142 cases of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever were reported in Guizhou Province from 1951 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 29.12 / 100 000. There were 3 epidemic peak at the second peak (1979-1995) ) Mainly occurred in the western part of the province due to the appearance of drug-resistant strains. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid occurred in 88 counties and cities in the province. Due to the Custer landform in the province, water pollution caused typhoid and paratyphoid fever Outbreak prevalence (64.82%) of the main reasons; different age, typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli drug resistance rates, the use of phage or PFGE method, the province typhoid fever, paratyphoid bacilli were classified as multiple types; in the anti On the control measures, we explored the three aspects of isolating the source of infection, cutting off the route of transmission and protecting the susceptible population. Conclusion Prevention and control of intestinal infectious diseases such as typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever should be taken seriously by the government. It is the key to solve the problem from the root cause.