:关于自身意识的思想发端于古希腊 ,在近代经笛卡尔的方法加工而得以突显 ;而后自康德哲学始方以理论的形态面对世人。这个思想和理论至今仍然影响并规定着当代的主体哲学发展。本文着重分析康德哲学中自身意识概念的双重含义 :纯粹的自身意识和经验的自身意识。这个分析表明 ,经验自身意识的提出是西方近代哲学克服经验主义阶段的一个标志 ,而他关于纯粹自身意识的观点则显然在理论的层面上失足于反思的循环 : The thought of self-consciousness originated in ancient Greece and was emphasized by Descartes’s method in modern times. Then the beginning of Kant’s philosophy confronted the world with theory. This thought and theory still affect and stipulate the contemporary development of subject philosophy. This article focuses on the dual meaning of the concept of self-awareness in Kant’s philosophy: pure self-awareness and self-awareness of experience. This analysis shows that the proposal of experiential self-awareness is a hallmark of the Western philosophical conquest overcoming the empiricist phase, while his view of purely self-consciousness apparently falls behind the cycle of introspection at the theoretical level