视网膜劈裂是指由视杯内层发育的视网膜神经上皮层本身的层间裂开,可分为先天性、退变性和继发性三种[1]。前者劈裂发生于视网膜神经纤维层,后两者劈裂部位为邻近内核层的外丛状层[2]。先天性视网膜劈裂按遗传方式不同可分为以下几种情况[1]:1.性连锁隐性遗传又称为X连锁青年性 Retinal cleavage refers to the inner layer of the retinal neuroepithelial layer developed by the inner layer of the optic cup, which can be divided into congenital, degenerative and secondary [1]. The former cleavage occurred in the retinal nerve fiber layer, the latter two cleavage site adjacent to the outer nuclear plexus layer [2]. Congenital retinal splitting according to the genetic mode can be divided into the following situations [1]: 1. Sexual recessive inheritance, also known as X-linked youth