耐受性与耐药性耐受性:是指药物连续多次应用于机体,其效应逐渐减弱,必须不断地增加用量才能达到原来的效应。例如,苯巴比妥有药酶诱导作用,长期应用可致体内药酶活性提高,促使本身加速代谢,因此必须逐渐加大用量才能维持疗效。又如,连续使用吗啡,因体内吗啡样物质脑啡肽的产生受到抑制,所以需要应用更多量的吗啡,以补充脑啡肽产生的不足,用量就需不断增加。耐受性是药物治疗中的一种常见现象。但只要经过足够的停药间隔,机体对药物的敏感性仍可恢复,临床对易产生耐受性的药物应避免长期连续使用,必要时可采取间歇或交 Tolerability and drug resistance Tolerance: refers to the drug repeatedly applied to the body several times, the effect gradually weakened, we must continue to increase the amount to achieve the original effect. For example, phenobarbital has a drug-induced effect, long-term use can lead to increased in vivo enzyme activity, prompting itself to accelerate metabolism, it must gradually increase the dosage to maintain efficacy. In another example, continuous use of morphine is inhibited by the production of enkephalin in the body morphine-like substance, so more amount of morphine needs to be applied to supplement the enkephalin production and the dosage needs to be continuously increased. Tolerance is a common phenomenon in medical treatment. However, as long as after sufficient withdrawal interval, the body’s sensitivity to drugs can still be restored, clinical tolerance to drugs should be avoided long-term continuous use, if necessary, can take intermittent or pay