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【目的】丰富我国北方紫菜(Pyropia)栽培种质,培育优良新品系。【方法】以山东长岛县砣矶岛野生紫菜作为亲本,经过选育,分别采集在南通、日照和砣矶岛海区栽培的“黄优1号”紫菜成体进行遗传背景(rbcL和细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(Cycochrome oxidase subunitⅠ,COⅠ)基因)和营养成分(藻胆蛋白、叶绿素a Chl a、类胡萝卜素Car和可溶性蛋白TSPs)分析。【结果】依据rbcL基因序列(约1 200bp)进行遗传多样性分析,仅砣矶岛养殖绳上全沉水生长的野生紫菜群体与其他品系(群体)具有1.1%的遗传差异,而其栽培群体(“黄优1号”)的rbcL基因序列与对照条斑紫菜品系完全一致;依据COⅠ基因序列(约680bp),仅南通的两栽培品系(“黄优1号”和培育品系2)具有2bp差异,其他品系(群体)的COⅠ基因序列与对照条斑紫菜完全一致。日照海区栽培的“黄优1号”紫菜其营养物质含量比其他海区栽培的“黄优1号”紫菜、野生亲本以及培育品系2高;南通海区栽培的“黄优1号”条斑紫菜品质一般,大部分营养物质含量均低于日照栽培藻体。【结论】由rbcL和COⅠ基因序列推断砣矶岛岸边和养殖绳上的野生紫菜大部分为条斑紫菜,选育品系“黄优1号”为条斑紫菜;在不同海区进行栽培的“黄优1号”条斑紫菜营养成分均优于其野生亲本;初步研究结果表明该品系更适于在日照海区栽培。
【Objective】 To enrich the cultivated germplasm of Pyropia in northern China and cultivate new excellent lines. 【Method】 Using wild seaweed from Laodejiao Island in Changdao County of Shandong Province as the parent, we collected the genetic background (rbcL and cytochromes) from cultivated “Huangyou 1” seaweed in the sea areas of Nantong, Rizhao and Dianxiao Island, (COⅠ) gene and nutrient components (phycobiliprotein, chlorophyll a Chl a, carotenoid Car and soluble protein TSPs). 【Result】 Based on the analysis of genetic diversity of the rbcL gene sequence (about 1 200 bp), only 1.1% of the genetic diversity among the wild seaweed population grown on sub-submerged rope on the Roxois Island was 1.1%, while that of the cultivated population The rbcL gene sequence of “Huangyou 1” was completely consistent with that of the control Porphyra yezoensis. Based on the COⅠ gene sequence (about 680bp), only two Nantong cultivars (“Huangyou 1” 2) had a 2bp difference. The COI gene sequences of other lines (groups) were completely identical with that of the control Porphyra yezoensis. The cultivated “Yellow No. 1” seaweed cultivated in Rizhao had higher nutrient content than the cultivated “Huangyou No.1” seaweed, wild parent and cultivar in other sea areas; “Huangyou No.1 ”Porphyra quality in general, most of the nutrients are lower than the sunshine culture algae. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the majority of wild seaweed on the shore of the Rocky Island and on the ropes was Porphyra yezoensis, and the breeding line “Huangyou 1” was Porphyra yezoensis, which was derived from rbcL and COⅠ gene sequences. The results showed that the strain is more suitable for cultivation in Rizhao sea area.