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目的回顾性分析某肿瘤专科医院医院感染现患率及变化趋势,为制定区域性肿瘤专科医院预防控制医院感染措施提供理论依据。方法分别于2012年11月14日、2013年11月27日、2014年11月26日对所有住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查,采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方式。结果 2012、2013、2014年全院医院感染现患率分别为2.55%、1.70%、2.46%,例次感染率分别为2.55%、1.70%、2.60%;医院感染部位以上呼吸道感染为主,占37.08%;医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占48.3%;抗菌药物使用率连续3年分别为15.83%、15.71%、14.58%。结论该院连续3年医院感染现患率无显著变化;放疗科头颈部肿瘤患者医院感染率2014年呈上升趋势,应加强放疗科头颈部肿瘤患者上呼吸道感染目标性监测。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the prevalence rate and trend of nosocomial infection in a cancer hospital and provide a theoretical basis for the development of prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection in regional cancer hospital. Methods All inpatients were investigated for nosocomial infections on November 14, 2012, November 27, 2013 and November 26, 2014. The hospital bedside survey and medical records were used in combination. Results The prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in hospital were 2.55%, 1.70% and 2.46% respectively in 2012, 2013 and 2014, and the rates of nosocomial infections were 2.55%, 1.70% and 2.60% respectively. The main respiratory infection was noso 37.08 %. The majority of hospital-acquired pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 48.3%. The antibacterials utilization rates were 15.83%, 15.71% and 14.58% respectively for three consecutive years. Conclusions There is no significant change in the prevalence of nosocomial infection in hospital for 3 consecutive years. The prevalence of nosocomial infection in patients with head and neck cancer in radiotherapy department is on the rise in 2014, and the target monitoring of upper respiratory tract infection in patients with head and neck cancer should be strengthened.