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针对内蒙古河套灌区春季地表反盐的问题,采用田间试验的的方法对秋浇条件下季节性冻融土壤的盐分运动规律进行了分析。结果表明,秋浇在短期内只是将上层土壤盐分淋洗至下层,冻结初期才是盐分从田间排走的主要时期;在冻结和排水的共同作用下,冻结期土壤盐分运动规律复杂,导致冻结层储盐总量变化不大,而主要的返盐过程则发生在消融期。在经历整个试验期后,0～100cm和0～150cm土壤储盐量均有不同程度增加,说明秋浇并没有完全达到淋洗盐分的目的。另外,良好的排水条件在一定程度上抑制了盐分的向上累积,这一点在冻结期表现最为显著。
In order to solve the problem of surface salt-resisting in spring in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia, the salt movement of seasonal freezing-thawing soils under autumn pouring conditions was analyzed by field experiments. The results showed that in the short term, the autumn irrigation was only to wash the upper soil salt to the lower layer, which was the main period during which salt was drained away from the field in the early freezing period. Under the combined action of freezing and draining, the movement of soil salt in the frozen soil was complicated, The total amount of salt storage changed little, while the main return to salt process occurs in the ablation period. After experiencing the whole experiment period, the salt storage in 0-100 cm and 0-150 cm soil increased in varying degrees, which indicated that the fall irrigation did not reach the purpose of salt washing completely. In addition, good drainage conditions to some extent inhibited the upward accumulation of salt, which is the most significant performance in the freezing period.