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研究利用特制的地层孔隙热压模拟实验装置,开展了模拟地层孔隙空间高压液态水热体系烃源岩生排烃模拟实验.模拟实验施加的流体压力为38±2MPa,温度为290～390℃.模拟实验结果显示了有关高压液态水及其与之相联系的流体压力和孔隙空间等因素对烃源岩生排烃影响作用的一些重要现象,实验发现高压液态水介质条件有利于液态油的生成和保存,不利于液态油向气态烃的转化,而且干酪根的生烃潜力和排油效率有一定的提高.这些新的实验现象可能主要与近临界特性的高压液态地层水的作用有关,进一步推断近临界特性的高压液态水参与干酪根向油气的转化反应,增加了水对油气的溶解能力.在地下实际烃源岩生排烃的温压(100～200℃,30～120MPa)条件下,岩石孔隙中的地层水是一种相对低温高压压缩液态水,这种地层水可能具有近临界特性,对烃源岩生排烃过程有重要影响.但目前对这种现象的机理和石油地质意义还知之较少.因此,加强高压地层水近临界条件下烃源岩生排烃热压模拟实验研究,对进一步深入理解地层条件下的近临界水介质、流体压力、孔隙空间因素对生排烃过程的影响,深化烃源岩生排烃机理的探讨,建立地质尺度上的烃源岩生排烃动力学模型,都具有重要的理论和实际意义.
In this study, a simulation experiment was carried out to simulate the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of high pressure liquid-liquid hydrothermal system in formation pore space with a specially designed pore-scale hot-pressing simulation experiment.The fluid pressure exerted by the simulation experiment was 38 ± 2MPa and the temperature was 290 ~ 390 ℃. The experimental results show some important phenomena about the effect of high pressure liquid water and its associated fluid pressure and pore space on the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of hydrocarbon source rocks. The experimental results show that the high pressure liquid aqueous medium is favorable for the formation and preservation of liquid oil , Which is not conducive to the conversion of liquid oil to gaseous hydrocarbon, and the hydrocarbon generation potential and oil discharge efficiency of kerogen increased to a certain extent.These new experimental phenomena may be mainly related to the action of near-critical high pressure liquid water, further infer The high-pressure liquid water with critical properties is involved in the conversion reaction of kerogen to oil and gas, increasing the ability of water to dissolve in oil and gas.Under the conditions of temperature and pressure (100 ~ 200 ℃, 30 ~ 120MPa) The formation water in the reservoir is a kind of relatively low temperature and high pressure compressed liquid water. This formation water may have near-critical characteristics and heavy hydrocarbon generation and expulsion processes However, the mechanism of this phenomenon and the significance of petroleum geology are not known at present.Therefore, to strengthen the simulation research on the heat and pressure of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion under the near critical condition of high pressure formation water, and to further understand the near-critical The influence of water medium, fluid pressure and pore space on the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion processes, the exploration of the mechanism of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in source rocks, and the establishment of geodynamic model of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in geological scales all have important theoretical and practical significance.