澳大利亚是联邦制国家。国土面积769万平方公里,总人口不到2000万,居民大多是外来移民,其中70%多是英国及爱尔兰后裔,约5%是亚洲人后裔。全国分联邦、州、地方三级政府,有6个州和2个特区,730个地方政府。预算编制及执行的主要特点1976年以后,为了避免权力过于集中和加强相互制约,澳大利亚改变了过去单由联邦国库部管理财政的办法,而将财政管理职能交给两个联邦部:国库部和 Australia is a federal state. The land area of ​​7.69 million square kilometers, the total population of less than 20 million, most of the residents are immigrants, of which more than 70% are British and Irish descent, about 5% Asian descent. The country is divided into three levels of federal, state and local governments, six states and two special zones, and 730 local governments. Main Characteristics of Budgeting and Execution Since 1976, in order to avoid over concentration of power and greater mutual restraint, Australia has changed its past practice of solely managing the treasury by the Treasury Department, leaving the financial management functions to two federal departments: the Treasury Department and the Ministry of Finance