本文意图指出传统显示比较优势指数在分析一国出口结构方面的基本缺陷 ,并定义和计算了相对显示比较优势指数。按照这一新的统计方法 ,本文对近 2 0年来东亚各国的出口结构变动进行重新评估。分析表明 ,一国的禀赋结构和政府采取的发展战略是决定出口结构的关键因素 ,传统的新古典国际贸易理论则忽视了后者。 This article intends to point out the basic weakness of the traditional display comparative advantage index in analyzing the export structure of a country and define and calculate the relative comparative advantage index. According to this new statistical method, this paper reevaluates the changes in the export structure of East Asian countries in the recent 20 years. The analysis shows that the endowment structure of a country and the development strategy adopted by the government are the key factors that determine the export structure. The traditional neoclassical international trade theory neglects the latter.