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烟草病虫害是影响宜阳县烟叶产量、质量的重要因素。文章按照河南省病虫害预测预报站的要求,选取张深、孔昌2个测报点为基准,采用系统调查和普查2种方法,对烟草病毒病、黑胫病、赤星病、根结线虫病、角斑病及野火病进行了系统调查和普查。虫害方面主要对烟蚜、烟青虫及地下害虫进行了调查。结果显示,2012年宜阳县有翅蚜发生时间与往年比较来得晚一些,但数量非常多,病毒病的发病时间与往年基本一致,较往年稍微偏早,病毒病初发期症状表现明显,由于旱情的蔓延,总体来说2012年病毒病的发病率好于2011年;烟青虫出现的时间与正常年景基本一致,由于用药及时2012年并未对烟叶造成很大危害。根结线虫病保持稳定,使用生物碳肥对根结线虫病有很好的抑制作用。
Tobacco pests and diseases are the important factors affecting the yield and quality of tobacco in Yiyang County. According to the requirements of Henan Province pest forecasting and forecasting stations, two surveying sites of Zhangshen and Kongchang were selected as reference. Two methods of systematic investigation and census were used to detect tobacco virus disease, black shank disease, brown spot disease, root knot nematode disease, Angular leaf spot and wildfire were systematically investigated and censused. Insect pests mainly aphids, tobacco budworms and underground pests were investigated. The results showed that in 2012, the occurrence time of winged aphids in Yiyang County came later than in previous years, but the number was very large. The onset time of virus diseases was basically the same as in previous years, slightly earlier than in previous years, and the symptom was obvious at the initial stage of virus disease. Due to the spread of drought, the overall incidence of viral diseases in 2012 was better than that in 2011; the occurrence of tobacco budworms was basically the same as that of the normal years, and the timely use of drugs did not cause much harm to the tobacco in 2012. Root knot nematode disease remained stable, the use of biological carbon fertilizer on root knot nematode disease has a good inhibitory effect.