矩阵在数学领域一向将它隶属于“线性代数”,有着悠久的历史,并在某些工程上得到过应用。但是,直至五十年代才有较多的关于矩阵数学的专门论著。由于科学技术在第二次世界大战后得到迅速发展,原子能、电子计算机和喷气技术得到实际应用,特别是火箭和宇航工程在近二十年内取得了惊人的成就,出现了许多新的学科,各 The matrix has always belonged to “linear algebra” in the field of mathematics, has a long history and has been applied in some projects. However, it was not until the 1950s that there was more specialized treatise on matrix mathematics. Due to the rapid development of science and technology after the Second World War, the practical application of atomic energy, computer and jet technology, especially the rocket and aerospace engineering, has made remarkable achievements in recent two decades. Many new disciplines have emerged