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在洛仑茨曲线和GINI系数基本原理基础上,分析了农村医疗保障、医疗费用对居民收入公平性的影响,并总结了相应的测量方法,结果发现:(1)农村合作医疗筹资对居民收入公平性影响不大,筹资不至于导致经济负担;(2)医疗费用支付对居民收入公平性影响极大,次均医疗费用增长因素对社会公平的负面影响达34.97％;(3)合作医疗偿付对医疗服务费用所带来的公平性问题作用极其微弱,目前的合作医疗未能有效关注居民最担忧的问题。切实控制次均费用的增长已成为中等发达地区的当务之急。
Based on the basic principles of the Lorentz curve and the GINI coefficient, the impact of rural medical insurance and medical expenses on the residents’ income fairness was analyzed, and the corresponding measurement methods were summed up. The results showed that: (1) Rural cooperative medical care financing raised the income of residents The impact of fairness is not significant, and financing will not lead to economic burden; (2) medical expenses payment has a great impact on the residents’ income fairness, and the negative impact of the sub-average medical cost growth factor on social equity is up to 34.97%; (3) Cooperative medical treatment The effect on the fairness issues brought about by the cost of medical services is extremely weak. The current cooperative medical care fails to effectively focus on the most worrying issues of residents. Effectively controlling the growth of the sub-average cost has become a top priority for the medium-developed regions.