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在哈尔滨典型黑土地区,对不同施肥方式下大豆产量与根重、叶片叶绿素含量、植株NPK含量的相关关系及生长期内温室气体(CO_2、N_2O和CH_4)排放量的变化进行研究。试验设测土施肥(对照处理)、测土减量施肥+C增效剂、缓释肥料、测土施肥+N分期调控4个处理。结果表明:缓释肥料产量效应最明显,增产7.2%,测土减量施肥+C增效剂低碳效应较明显,减少30%氮素同时增产1.8%。各施肥处理大豆百粒重顺序由高到低为:缓释肥料>测土施肥+N分期调控>测土施肥>测土减量+C增效剂。各个处理间的CO_2通量平均值差异显著,N_2O和CH_4通量平均值差异不显著。与对照相比,测土减量施肥+C增效剂处理中,碳增效剂在减30%氮的背景下提升了叶绿素含量,促进了植株和根系生长,小幅度增产同时维持作物在生育期内的CO_2呼吸效应,可作为低碳农业的推荐措施。
In the typical black soil area of Harbin, the relationship between soybean yield and root weight, leaf chlorophyll content and plant NPK content and the changes of greenhouse gases (CO 2, N 2 O and CH 4) during the growth period were studied. Test soil fertilization (control treatment), soil testing and fertilization + C synergist, slow-release fertilizer, soil testing and fertilization + N staging four treatments. The results showed that the slow-release fertilizer had the most obvious yield effect, yielding a yield increase of 7.2%. The soil fertilization plus soil C + synergist had a low-carbon effect with a significant reduction of 30% nitrogen and a yield increase of 1.8%. The results showed that the order of the 100-weight soybean seeds from high to low was as follows: slow-release fertilizer> soil testing and fertilization + N staging> soil testing and fertilization> soil testing minus C synergist. There was significant difference in the mean of CO 2 flux between treatments, while the average value of N 2 O and CH 4 flux was not significant. Compared with the control, soil abatement fertilization + C synergist treatment, the carbon synergist increased the chlorophyll content under the background of 30% nitrogen, promoted plant and root growth, slightly increased production while maintaining the crop in reproductive CO 2 respiration during the period, can be used as low carbon agriculture recommended measures.