传统大样本的人群卫生状况调查因需耗费大量的人力和时间,虽能用计算机对数据进行分析处理,但仍难迅速地反馈卫生服务实际情况。为了合理分配卫生资源,适应管理部门及时规划决策的需要,快速小样本的抽样调查技术有明显的实用价值。80年代以来,工业上批质量保证抽样方法(LQAS)得到了卫生领域流行病学家和统计学家的重新认识。 Traditional large sample population health status surveys require a lot of manpower and time. Although data can be analyzed and processed using computers, it is still difficult to quickly report the actual situation of health services. In order to reasonably allocate health resources and adapt to the needs of management departments for timely planning and decision-making, rapid small sample sampling techniques have obvious practical value. Since the 1980s, the industrial quality assurance sampling method (LQAS) has been revisited by epidemiologists and statisticians in the health field.