明代家具是中国古代家具史上最辉煌的时期,在世界文化史上也享有盛誉。但是任何文化成果的形成,都是在继承前代的基础上发展成熟起来的,明代家具的辉煌,得力于宋代家具扎实的基础。最近,浙江宁波东钱湖南宋石椅的发现和考证,为我们提供了研究中国宋明椅类家具发展的宝贵实物,填补了中国家具史上南宋椅类家具实物的空白。(一)中国椅类家具的发展浅述人类始有坐具,可以说是人类进入文明的标志之一。原始人最初的人造坐具是席垫或木石土块。据考古发掘,中国浙东七千年前的河姆渡人就会编席,中国原始人席地而坐的习惯一直沿续到奴隶制的春秋战国以后。汉代墓室中绘刻有士大夫们盘腿坐在矮几或称低榻上的情景,这就是凳椅类家具的 Ming Dynasty furniture is the most brilliant period in ancient Chinese furniture history, also enjoys a good reputation in the history of world culture. However, the formation of any cultural achievement is based on the succession of the previous generation of mature, the furniture of the Ming Dynasty brilliant, effective furniture in Song Dynasty a solid foundation. Recently, the discovery and verification of stone chairs in Song Dynasty in Dongqian, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province have provided us with precious objects to study the development of furniture in the Song Ming Chairs in China and filled in the blank of the furniture in the South Song Dynasty in the history of Chinese furniture. (A) the development of China’s chair furniture Brief introduction Humans have sitting, can be said that one of the hallmarks of human civilization. Primitive man’s first artificial seat is mats or wood blocks. According to the archaeological excavations, the Hemudu people in eastern Zhejiang Province, seven thousand years ago, would be able to maneuver their seats. The habit of sitting on the Chinese primitive land has continued after the Spring-Autumn and Warring States period of slavery. Paintings in the tomb of the Han Dynasty scholar-sergeant who sit cross-legged short seats or on the couch scene, which is a chair and chair furniture