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一、前言1922年法国科学家德布罗意(de Broglie)倡说:电子等粒子的性质,颇类似于光的性质.光具有粒子的性质,又具有波动的性质.因而在一定的条件下,电子等粒子亦会显示出它的波动陆.证实电子波动性的条件之一,是它的衍射现象.借用电子束射及晶体的实验,来引证电子的波动性:以54-370伏间的电子流在单晶体金属镍上的反射;和以1,100-1,700伏及17～64千伏在多晶体上的衍射过程中获得了电子衍射图(1927年).这不仅证实了德氏的假说,更重要的是提供了研究物质的新方法.
I. INTRODUCTION In 1922, de Broglie, a French scientist, advocated that the nature of electrons and other particles is quite similar to that of light. Light has the properties of particles and of a fluctuating nature, so under certain conditions, Electrons and other particles will also show its fluctuations in the land Lu confirmed one of the conditions of electronic volatility is its diffraction phenomenon. Borrowing electron beam and crystal experiments to cite the volatility of electrons: to 54-370 V Electron flux reflection on single-crystal metallic nickel; and electron diffraction patterns (1927) obtained during diffraction on polycrystals at 1,100-1,700 volts and 17-64 kV, confirming not only the German hypothesis but more It is important to provide new ways to study matter.