一、前言当前世界高坝发展的趋势,当地材料坝所占比例愈来愈大,高度也愈来愈高。国外已建100米以上的高坝,1952年前共有42座,土石坝仅占31％,至1975年已建和在建100米以上高坝则有371座,土石坝已占62％。从坝高来看,三十年代混凝土坝的高度已达221米,六十年代为285米,此后没有发展;而土石坝的高度却一直在增加,三十年代为121米,六十年代为 I. INTRODUCTION In the current trend of world high dams, the proportion of local material dams is increasing and the height is getting higher and higher. Abroad has been built more than 100 meters high dam, a total of 42 before 1952, earth-rock dams accounted for only 31%, to 1975 and under construction in the 100 meters high dam there are 371, earth dam accounts for 62%. From the height of the dam, the height of the concrete dam in the 1930s reached 221 meters and was 285 meters in the 1960s, but has not developed since then; however, the height of earth-rock dams has been increasing from 121 meters in the 1930s to