纤维肌肉发育异常(Fibromuscular dysplasia,FMD)是一种动脉壁的节段性非粥样硬化和非炎症性血管病,全身主要动脉均可受累,以肾动脉最常见,是肾性高血压的主要原因。Leadbetter(1938)等首次报告了肾动脉FMD,此后陆续在肾动脉以外的动脉也有发现。自从Palubinskas(1964)等首先在颈动脉造影发现以来,至今欧美文献已报告脑动脉FMD约300例,占全部FMD的0.27％,是脑血管病的一种不可忽略的病因。 Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a segmental non-atherosclerotic and non-inflammatory vascular disease of the arterial wall. The main systemic arteries can be affected. The most common renal artery is the main cause of renal hypertension. Leadbetter (1938) and other reports of the first renal artery FMD, after another in the arteries outside the renal artery have also been found. Since the discovery of carotid artery angiography by Palubinskas et al. (1964) and so on, up to now, about 300 cases of cerebral arterial FMD have been reported in Europe and the United States, accounting for 0.27% of all FMD, which is a non-negligible cause of cerebrovascular disease.