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在海洋地震勘探中,水层多次波是一种常见的干扰波.水层多次波的存在常常会造成地震资料分辨率降低,损伤地震资料频带,产生虚假同相轴等假象,严重影响波组特征与地震资料解释.SRME(Surface Related Multiple Elimination)和MWD(Model-based Water-layer Demultiple)方法的提出为多次波预测压制提供了有效的解决方案.但SRME方法并不能适用于浅水以及起伏海底的OBC(Ocean Bottom Cable)观测数据的多次波压制,而常规的MWD方法构建格林函数进行多次波预测时仅仅考虑了地震波在传播过程中产生的时移和几何扩散等运动学特征,不能很好地将多次波进行精确的重建.为了解决上述问题,本文基于克希霍夫衍射理论在格林函数中加入角度算子,使预测结果更加准确、更具有动力学特征,并根据多次波射线路径提出了一种相对更加灵活的适用于浅水的水层多次波预测方法,精确预测了水层多次波,结合曲波域多次波提取技术使水层多次波得到了有效压制.
In marine seismic exploration, water layer multiple waves is a common interference wave. The existence of multiple water layers often leads to the decrease of seismic data resolution, the damage of seismic data frequency band, the illusion of false events and so on, Group characteristics and interpretation of seismic data.SRME (Surface-Related Multiple Elimination) and MWD (Model-based Water-layer Demultipleple) methods are proposed to provide an effective solution to the prediction of MUW, but the SRME method is not suitable for shallow water and Ups and downs OBS (Ocean Bottom Cable) observation data multiple repression, and conventional MWD method to construct Green function for multiple prediction only consider the seismic wave propagation in the process of time-shifted and geometric spread kinematics and other characteristics , We can not reconstruct the multiple waves well.In order to solve the above problems, this paper adds the angle operator to the Green’s function based on Kirchhoff’s diffraction theory to make the prediction results more accurate and dynamic, according to The multipath ray path proposed a relatively more flexible multi-wave forecasting method for shallow water, accurately predicting the water layer multiple times , Curvelet binding domain multiple wavelet extraction aqueous layer multiples has been effectively suppressed.