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目的了解大连地区不同行业企业有机溶剂的浓度水平,为不同行业类型的企业预防有机溶剂导致的职业中毒提供科学依据,保护劳动者健康。方法收集大连地区2006-2013年委托大连市疾病预防控制中心进行工作场所有机溶剂检测的企业资料,对合格率进行统计学分析。结果制造行业的有机溶剂检测企业数和点数最多,占总检测行业的97.15%,合格率为96.39%。通用设备、电子、化学、橡胶业检测的企业数和点数在制造行业中较多,其中四种行业比较,通用设备的合格率(91.89%)最低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=69.019,P<0.01),印刷行业的合格率在制造业中最低,仅有85.71%。苯系物的检测结果均偏高;甲醇的检测结果中,通用设备制造业的合格率最低,仅有56.20%。甲醛的检测结果中,印刷业和科学研究业的合格率较低,分别是75.00%和72.73%。结论相关部门应特别重视制造行业尤其是通用设备制造业里密闭性好,通风差的清洗相关岗位有机溶剂浓度水平,将预防职业中毒,保护劳动者健康的工作落实到实处。
Objective To understand the concentration of organic solvents in different industries and enterprises in Dalian and provide scientific basis for prevention of occupational poisoning caused by organic solvents in different industries and enterprises and to protect the health of workers. Methods The data of enterprises entrusted Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct organic solvent testing in the workplace from 2006 to 2013 in Dalian were collected and the pass rate was analyzed statistically. Results The number of organic solvent testing enterprises and points in the manufacturing industry was the largest, accounting for 97.15% of the total testing industry with a pass rate of 96.39%. General enterprises, electronics, chemical and rubber industries detected more enterprises and points in the manufacturing industry. Among the four industries, the qualified rate of general equipment was the lowest (91.89%), with significant difference (χ2 = 69.019, P <0.01). The passing rate of the printing industry is the lowest in the manufacturing industry, only 85.71%. BTEX test results were high; methanol test results, the lowest rate of general equipment manufacturing industry, only 56.20%. Formaldehyde test results, the printing industry and the scientific research industry, a lower pass rate, respectively 75.00% and 72.73%. Conclusion The relevant departments should pay special attention to manufacturing industries, especially the general equipment manufacturing industry, airtight, poor ventilation, cleaning related positions of organic solvent concentration levels, will prevent occupational poisoning, protect the health of workers to implement the job.