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细菌的分泌系统与细菌的生存及致病性密切相关。细菌的分泌系统包括I-VI型,其中,IV型分泌系统是与细菌接合机制有关的一类分泌系统。IV型分泌系统不但可以转运DNA,还可以转运蛋白质及核糖核蛋白复合物等大分子物质,这点区别于其他几种分泌系统。IV型分泌系统介导基因水平转移,通过细菌间接合作用,传递抗性基因和毒力基因,有利于细菌进化;另一方面,IV型分泌系统转运效应蛋白质分子到宿主细胞,参与细菌致病。本文着重从IV型分泌系统几种主要类型的分泌机制等方面对IV型分泌系统进行概述。
Bacterial secretion system and bacterial survival and pathogenicity are closely related. Bacterial secretion systems include type I-VI, where the type IV secretion system is a type of secretion system involved in the bacterial binding mechanism. Type IV secretion system can not only transport DNA, but also transport proteins and ribonucleoprotein complexes and other macromolecular substances, which is different from several other secretion systems. The type IV secretion system mediates gene transfer and promotes bacterial evolution through bacterial-to-bacterial interactions and delivery of resistance genes and virulence genes. On the other hand, the type IV secretion system translocates effector proteins to host cells and participates in bacterial pathogenesis . This article focuses on the type IV secretion system from the secretion of several major types of mechanisms such as the summary of the type IV secretion system.