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选取位于韩江中下游交界处的潮安水文站作为控制站,从径流量和输沙量两个方面,开展人类活动对韩江水沙径流变化的影响研究。利用潮安水文站1954—2012年系列年径流量、年输沙量以及其上游地区的年降水量数据,T检验结果表明,两个时段的年降水量和年径流量并没有发生统计上显著的变化,而两个时段的年输沙量发生了统计上显著的变化,然后采用双累积曲线法进行进一步分析。分析结果表明,20世纪60年代,由于梅河上游五华河水土流失严重,使得韩江输沙量和径流量均有所增加。而自2006开始,潮安站输沙量明显减少,总减沙量达到3 215.19万t,年均减沙量为459.32万t,主要原因是其上游韩江干流上大型的东山水利枢纽工程的兴建,其次是上游水土保持减沙和水库拦沙。本文可为韩江流域水利工程建设、生态环境保护和水资源合理利用提供科学依据。
The Chaoan Hydrological Station located at the junction of the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River was selected as the control station to study the impact of human activities on the runoff and sediment runoff from the runoff and sediment transport. Based on the annual runoff, annual sediment discharge and annual precipitation data of the upper reaches of the Chaoan hydrological station from 1954 to 2012, the T-test results show that the annual precipitation and annual runoff in the two periods have not statistically significant The annual sediment load changed statistically in two periods, then the double cumulative curve method was used for further analysis. The analysis shows that in the 1960s, due to serious soil erosion and soil erosion in the Wuhua River upstream of the Meihe River, sediment discharge and runoff in the Hanjiang River increased. Since 2006, the sediment discharge of Chaoan Station has obviously decreased, with a total sediment reduction of 32.1519 million tons and an annual sediment reduction of 4.593.2 million tons, mainly due to the large-scale Dongshan Hydro-junction project on the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River Construction, followed by the upper soil and water conservation sediment and reservoir silt. This article can provide a scientific basis for the Hanjiang River Basin water conservancy project construction, ecological environment protection and rational utilization of water resources.