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我们在毒力测定中间,常用致死中量来比较两种药剂的相对毒力。目前求致死中量的方法,主要根据Bliss或Finney两人的机值分析法。用这方法需要计算的内容有:(1)致死中量;(2)卡方测定;(3)致死中量的置信界限(confidence limits);(4)毒力回归线;(5)比较两种药剂的致死中量相差是否显著;(6)比较两种药剂的毒力回归线是否平行等。用机值分析方法来演算这许多内容,要耗费很多的时间;这样使做药效测定的同志感觉到苦恼。最近虽然有人用其他方法,如Logistic函数法,流动平均(moving-average)法,流动平均-角换法(moving average-angle method)来演算致死中量,但至今还没有普遍应用。1949年Litchfield及Wilcoxon,根据机值分析方法的原理,用图解方法来求致死中量,这样省去了很多的繁复计算方法,化半小时的时间就可以全部计算出。这个方法虽精确度稍差一些,但一般讲还是合乎科学研究的要求,最近Reynolds(1962)介绍农业害虫抗性
We are in the middle of virulence tests, the median lethal dose to compare the relative toxicity of the two agents. The current method of seeking the amount of lethality, mainly based on Bliss or Finney two machine value analysis. Calculations using this method are: (1) lethal dose; (2) chi square test; (3) confidence limits of lethality; (4) virulence regression line; (5) The median lethal dose is significant; (6) compare the toxicity of the two agents tropism is parallel and so on. It takes a lot of time to calculate this many things by machine-value analysis, which disturbs the comrades who make pharmacodynamic tests. Although other methods such as Logistic function, moving-average method and moving average-angle method have recently been used to calculate the median lethal dose, they have not yet been widely used. Litchfield and Wilcoxon in 1949, according to the principle of machine-value analysis method, used graphic method to calculate the dead volume, thus eliminating a lot of complicated calculation methods, which can be calculated in half an hour. Although this method is somewhat less accurate, it is still generally in line with the scientific research requirements. Recently Reynolds (1962) introduced agricultural pest resistance