论文部分内容阅读
原子核反应堆,简称“反应堆”,亦称“原子锅炉”。这是使原子核裂变的连锁反应能够有控制地持续进行的装置,是利用原子能的一种最重要的大型设备。反应堆的“主帅”是金属铀,其辅佐“裨将”则是金属钍和锆。铀,是1789年德国化学家克拉普罗特发现的。当时他用磷酸来溶解呈深蓝色光泽的沥青铀矿石,再加入碳酸钾中和过量的酸,得到了一种黄色沉淀。他断言这种黄色沉淀中一定含有一种新的元素。于是他先给这种元素命名叫“Uranium(铀)”,其拉丁文原意是“天王星(Uranus),以此向1781年德国天文学家赫歇耳发现天王星一事表示敬意。1841
Nuclear reactors, referred to as “reactor”, also known as “atomic boilers.” This is a device that allows a chain reaction of nuclear fission to continue in a controlled manner and is one of the most important large-scale devices that make use of atomic energy. The “coach” of the reactor is metallic uranium, and the adjunct “beneficiaries” are metallic thorium and zirconium. Uranium was discovered in 1789 by the German chemist Klaprot. At that time he used phosphoric acid to dissolve the bitumen uranium ore, which had a dark blue color, and then added potassium carbonate to neutralize the excess acid to obtain a yellow precipitate. He asserted that the yellow precipitate must contain a new element. He first named the element Uranium, whose Latin original meaning was “Uranus” to pay tribute to the discovery of Uranus by the German astronomer Herschel in 1881. 1841