有关两性差异的研究积集了大量的具体资料,但多少都缺乏精细的概念。按我的看法,对我国学术文献记载的经验材料进行分析做得最为成功的当推И.С.科恩。他发现,在所有个人和文化历史的变迁中,男性的生活方式大多是工具利用型的,而女性则往往是情感表达型的。我们可以这样饵释这个基本假定,即性的社会差别虽然已经趋平,但一般而言,男人仍把职业劳动活动放在首位,而对妻子来说则往往以家庭为主。要无条件地采纳上述结论是不可能的。某些事实证明这种结论是正确的,但另一些事实却可以推翻此结论。为了支持这个论题,我想援引1978年我们对已婚者调查所获取的一部分结果来加以说明。我们曾询 The research on gender differences has accumulated a great deal of specific information, but most of them lack of elaborate concepts. According to my opinion, the most successful analysis of the empirical material recorded in academic literature in our country should be made by И.С. Cohen. He found that in all personal and cultural changes in history, most men’s way of life is tool-based, while women are often emotional expression. We can explain the basic assumption that even though the social differences of sex have been flattened, men generally still put the workforce in the first place, while their wives tend to be family-based. It is impossible to adopt the above conclusion unconditionally. Some facts show that this conclusion is correct, but others can overturn this conclusion. In support of this thesis, I would like to cite some of the results we obtained from the survey of married persons in 1978. We have asked