急性弥漫性血管球性肾炎是儿童时期较为多见的肾脏病,根据国内外文献报告,以3—12岁的小儿患者为多,特别是3—7岁的学龄前儿童为最多,而婴儿患者则较少。小儿急性肾炎的预后一般较好,约85—90%可以恢复,病程一般较短,死亡病例几乎都是在疾病的早期出现假性尿毒症与心力衰竭,特别是心力衰竭未及早诊治引起的。心力衰竭是急性肾炎最危险的并发症。国内外的报告指出,急性肾炎性心力衰竭发生的主要原因为弥漫性心肌损伤,但血压的增高及盐和水的滞留,也是促成充血性心力衰竭的重要因素。近来各地报告的病例分析很多,急性肾炎并发心力衰竭的发病数却不一致。上海第一医学院儿科学院1958年346例急性肾炎中,有 Acute diffuse glomerulonephritis is a more common childhood childhood kidney disease, according to the domestic and foreign literature reports, as many as 3-12-year-old pediatric patients, especially 3-7 year-old preschool children, the most, while infants Less. The prognosis of children with acute nephritis is generally better, about 85-90% can be recovered, the general course of the disease is shorter, almost all of the deaths in the early onset of pseudo-uremia and heart failure, especially heart failure is not caused by early diagnosis and treatment. Heart failure is the most dangerous complication of acute nephritis. Domestic and international reports pointed out that the main cause of acute nephritic heart failure is diffuse myocardial injury, but increased blood pressure and salt and water retention, but also contribute to the important factors of congestive heart failure. Recently, many cases reported around the analysis, the incidence of acute nephritis complicated by heart failure is inconsistent. Shanghai First Medical College of Pediatrics in 1958 346 cases of acute nephritis, there