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人组织激肽释放酶基因家族由KLK1-KLK15构成,编码一组丝氨酸蛋白酶。研究发现KLK基因家族涉及癌细胞的多种生物学功能,且其表达受类固醇激素的调节。人组织激肽释放酶4是丝氨酸蛋白酶家族的一个成员,在多种激素依赖性肿瘤如卵巢癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌中高表达,且表达量受雌激素、孕激素、雄激素不同程度的调节。近年来很多文献报道人组织激肽释放酶4涉及癌细胞的增殖、上皮间质转化及细胞外基质的降解等过程,可能促进了肿瘤的发生、发展,且与激素依赖性肿瘤的预后不良有关。这些研究显示人组织激肽释放酶4与激素依赖性肿瘤关系密切,是其潜在的肿瘤标记物和治疗靶点,随着研究的进一步深入,有望应用于激素依赖性肿瘤的早期诊断、病程监测和治疗。
The human tissue kallikrein gene family consists of KLK1-KLK15, encoding a group of serine proteases. The study found that the KLK gene family involved in a variety of biological functions of cancer cells, and its expression is regulated by steroid hormones. Human tissue kallikrein 4, a member of the serine protease family, is highly expressed in a variety of hormone-dependent tumors such as ovarian, prostate, breast, and endometrial cancers and is expressed by estrogen, progestin, and male Hormones to varying degrees of regulation. In recent years, many articles reported that human tissue kallikrein 4 involved in cancer cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transformation and degradation of extracellular matrix process may promote the occurrence and development of tumors, and poor prognosis of hormone-dependent tumors . These studies show that human tissue kallikrein 4 is closely related to hormone-dependent tumors, which is a potential tumor marker and therapeutic target. With the further research, it is expected to be used in the early diagnosis and monitoring of hormone-dependent tumors And treatment.