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目前,国内外的油田主要采用水力压裂技术进行增产改造,但常规水力压裂技术始终面临水资源大量消耗和压裂后相关污染的难题,而且不利于水敏性等非常规油气藏的开发,因此常规水力压裂技术的应用受到极大的限制.无水压裂液技术可以有效地解决上述问题,但国内无水压裂液技术应用较少,理论研究相对缺乏,再加上我国非常规油气资源储量丰富,但水资源相对缺乏,若能够突破无水压裂液的技术难关,则使用无水压裂液技术将为我国非常规油气资源的开发带来极大的经济和环境效益.本文通过调研国内外资料,介绍了目前国内外无水压裂液技术的研究现状,分析了国内外常用的几种压裂液技术,主要介绍了二氧化碳类、醇基类以及烃类无水压裂液技术特点,总结分析了各自的优势及问题,深入研究了液态CO_2压裂液、超临界CO_2压裂液、醇基压裂液、油基压裂液以及低碳烃压裂液,并对其工作机理做了介绍.最后,本文总结了目前无水压裂液研究的重点及应用时的关键问题,为无水压裂的理论研究及应用提供了一定的参考价值.
At present, the hydraulic fracturing technology is mainly used in domestic and overseas oilfields for stimulation and stimulation. However, the conventional hydraulic fracturing technology is always faced with the problems of heavy water consumption and related pollution after fracturing, and not conducive to the development of unconventional reservoirs such as water sensitivity , So the application of conventional hydraulic fracturing technology has been greatly limited.Waterless fracturing fluid technology can effectively solve the above problems, but the domestic application of anhydrous fracturing fluid technology, the relative lack of theoretical research, coupled with our very Regulatory oil and gas reserves are abundant, but the relative lack of water resources, if we can break through the technical difficulties of anhydrous fracturing fluid, the use of anhydrous fracturing fluid technology for China’s unconventional oil and gas resources development has brought great economic and environmental benefits This paper introduces the current research status of waterless fracturing fluid technology at home and abroad through the investigation of domestic and foreign materials and analyzes several fracturing fluid technologies commonly used both at home and abroad, mainly introducing carbon dioxide, alcohol - based and hydrocarbon - Fracturing fluid technical characteristics, summed up the analysis of their respective advantages and problems, in-depth study of liquid CO_2 fracturing fluid, supercritical CO_2 fracturing fluid, alcohol-based fracturing fluid, oil-based fracturing fluid to And low-carbon hydrocarbon fracturing fluid, and describes its working mechanism.Finally, this article summarizes the key points of the current research and application of water-free fracturing fluid fracturing fluid for theoretical research and application of anhydrous fracturing provided Certain reference value.