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【目的】分析不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童及其与正常儿童智力结构特征的差异。【方法】根据DSM-Ⅳ对厦门市初诊的120例ADHD儿童进行诊断并划分亚型,采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)对120例ADHD儿童和67例正常对照组儿童进行智力测试比较。【结果】ADHD儿童的VIQ、PIQ和FIQ得分均低于正常对照儿童得分(t=7.826,5.183,7.688,P均=0.000);三组亚型ADHD儿童的CD、PIQ和FIQ等项目得分差异有统计学意义(F=6.934,3.899,3.190,P=0.001,0.023,0.045);ADHD儿童智力不平衡率为20.0%,高于正常对照组儿童,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.386,P=0.004);三组不同亚型ADHD儿童的智力平衡率的差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.078,P=0.215)。【结论】ADHD儿童的智力水平低于健康正常儿童,其言语和操作能力发展不平衡,不同亚型ADHD儿童的智力结构和缺损程度存在差异。
【Objective】 To analyze the differences of intelligence structure between AD children and normal children with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 【Methods】 According to DSM-Ⅳ, 120 ADHD children newly diagnosed in Xiamen were diagnosed and divided into subtypes. 120 children with ADHD and 67 normal control children were assessed by C-WISC Test comparison 【Results】 The scores of VIQ, PIQ and FIQ in children with ADHD were lower than those in normal control children (t = 7.826,5.183,7.688, P = 0.000). The score of CD, PIQ and FIQ in children with ADHD were significantly different (F = 6.934,3.899,3.190, P = 0.001,0.023,0.045). The IQ of children with ADHD was 20.0%, which was higher than that of the normal control group (χ2 = 8.386, P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in IQ among three groups of ADHD children (χ2 = 3.078, P = 0.215). 【Conclusion】 The intelligence level of children with ADHD is lower than that of healthy children. The development of language and operation ability is not balanced. The differences of intelligence structure and defect between children with different subtypes of ADHD are different.