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一、高等植物抗癌活性成分研究的一般情况一般认为,寻找新的抗癌化疗新药的方法有两种:一种是从天然产物(植物及微生物的代谢产物)中分离具有抗癌活性的成分,所分出的原成分不合适者再进行部分结构改造,如含量甚微的尚须进行全合成,使之成为毒性低,易于吸收的产物。此法所需材料来自民间土方、验方、植物科属、植物化学成分及随机抽样等;第二种方法是利用化学合成制备新的抗癌药物的方法。此法的基本原理是根据已有的资料认为与活性有关的官能团适当组合起来得出一种化合物。但由于生理活性物质的结构与活性之间的关系目前并不十分清楚,因此,从概率上看,第一种方法要比第二种方法大得多。
First, the general situation of research on the anticancer active ingredients of higher plants It is generally believed that there are two ways to find new anticancer chemotherapy drugs. One is to separate the components that have anticancer activity from natural products (metabolites of plants and microorganisms). If the original composition is not suitable, then some structural modifications will be carried out. If the content is too small, it must be completely synthesized to make it a product with low toxicity and easy absorption. The materials required for this method come from the civil soil, prescriptions, plant families, phytochemical compositions, and random sampling; the second method is the use of chemical synthesis to prepare new anti-cancer drugs. The basic principle of this method is based on the existing information that the functional groups related to the activity are properly combined to obtain a compound. However, since the relationship between the structure and activity of physiologically active substances is not currently clear, the probability of the first method is much greater than that of the second method.