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本文分析了社会主义按生产要素分配与社会主义本质的关系，指出社会主义按生产要素分配与资本主义按资分配的最主要区别在于劳动要素能否分享剩余价值。提出应在各生产要素享有同等的保本获利权利的前提下来分配的观点，这样有利于消灭剥削，有利于按劳分配和社会主义本质的实现。
This paper analyzes the relationship between the distribution of socialism by the factors of production and the nature of socialism. It points out that the most important difference between the distribution of socialism according to the distribution of factors of production and the distribution of capitalism by capital is whether labor factors can share the surplus value. It puts forward that the viewpoint of distribution should be given on the premise that each factor of production enjoys the same right of capital preservation and profit, which is favorable to the elimination of exploitation and to the distribution according to time and the realization of the nature of socialism.