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摩擦与磨损是一个非常复杂的过程,包括物理、化学和电化学的过程,摩擦表面材料间的相互作用,润滑剂与环境气氛,表面层的变形,摩擦材料的物质迁移等。现在,关于摩擦过程某些要素的试验数据表明,稳定的摩擦过程决定于工作表面上形成的二次结构(所谓工作层)的特性与性能。可将摩擦过程描述为表面层的机械与化学合金化,无定形化过程,这时发生的现象有,由于结合与分子相互作用区域性破坏;分散胶与以添加剂加入材料中的氧化物、石墨、类金属化合物及其它物质的一起研磨,造成的摩擦表面材料的弥散;和在某种程度上,由于局部高温与高压作用,摩擦副表面混合物烧结形成新物质,其特点与结构有点象弥散硬化材料的结构。在这方面,对摩擦表面的无定形层的性能研究是相当有趣的。文献证明,金属于无定形状态具有高的强度。含Si、B、C与一些其它元素的铁、镍和钴的合金,其最高强度为300～400公斤/毫米~2。
Friction and wear are very complex processes, including physical, chemical and electrochemical processes, the interaction of frictional surface materials, the lubricant and ambient atmosphere, the deformation of surface layers, the material migration of friction materials, and the like. Now, experimental data on some elements of the friction process show that the steady frictional process depends on the properties and properties of the secondary structure (so-called working layer) formed on the working surface. The friction process can be described as the surface layer of the mechanical and chemical alloying, amorphous process, the phenomenon occurs at this time, due to the regional interaction of molecules and molecular damage; dispersion of plastic materials and additives added to the oxide, graphite , Metalloid compounds and other substances together, resulting in the dispersion of frictional surface material; and to some extent due to local high temperature and high pressure, the friction pair surface mixture is sintered to form a new material, which is somewhat characteristic of the structure as the dispersion hardening The structure of the material. In this respect, the study of the properties of amorphous layers on frictional surfaces is quite interesting. It has been documented that metals have high strength in the amorphous state. Alloys of iron, nickel and cobalt containing Si, B, C and some other elements have a maximum strength of 300 to 400 kg / mm2.