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新修订的水土保持法以及近几年颁布的水土保持国家标准,均对生产建设项目(活动)的生态保护和水土流失防治提出了新理念、新规定和新要求,也积极倡导应用新材料、新工艺、新技术。详细阐述了生产建设项目水土流失防治的十大新理念新规定:修正主体工程选址和布局,从源头上减轻水土流失和环境影响;土石方挖填平衡及禁止乱挖,减少可能造成水土流失的环节;弃渣首先综合利用,防止弃渣造成严重水土流失危害;保护自然地貌和地被物,减少地表扰动和损坏;保留表土资源,促进土地资源可持续利用;科学安排施工进度,减少地表裸露时间和面积;先防护后施工,控制建设中的水土流失和环境破坏;生态优先,恢复治理中减少刚性防护;降水资源蓄用,节约保护和利用雨水资源;采用新工艺新技术,保护自然景观和生态系统。
The newly revised Law on Soil and Water Conservation and the national standards for soil and water conservation promulgated in recent years all put forward new ideas, new provisions and new requirements on the ecological protection and soil and water loss prevention and control of production and construction projects (activities) and actively advocated the application of new materials, New technology, new technology. This paper elaborates the ten new concepts and new regulations on soil and water loss prevention and control in production and construction projects in detail: revising the site selection and layout of the main project, alleviating soil erosion and environmental impacts from the source, unbalancing excavation and filling of earth and stone, prohibiting indiscriminate excavation and reducing potential soil erosion Link; first comprehensive utilization of waste slag to prevent spoilage caused serious soil erosion damage; protection of natural landscape and coverings to reduce surface disturbances and damage; retained topsoil resources and promote the sustainable use of land resources; scientific progress schedule to reduce the surface bare Time and area; Pre-protection construction should control soil erosion and environmental damage in construction; Ecological priority should be given to reduce rigid protection in restoration and management; Preservation of precipitation resources should be used to save and protect rainwater resources; New technologies and technologies should be adopted to protect the natural landscape And ecosystems.