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萤火虫是一类昆虫,身体扁平细长.大多数种类雄虫有翅,雌虫无翅.萤火虫的发光器官在腹部末端,上面覆盖着一层透明的角质表皮,表皮下排列着几千个内含荧光素和荧光素酶的发光细胞.当体内氧气充足时,荧光素在荧光素酶的激发下,就可以与萤火虫经气管吸进的氧气化合,合成氧化荧光素酶.这个过程释放的能量便转化为荧光.平时见到的萤火虫发出的光一明一暗,正是萤火虫断续开关气门控制氧气进入发光器的结果.
Fireflies are insects of a flat, slender shape. Most species of males are winged and the female is wingless. The glow of the firefly is at the end of the abdomen covered with a transparent keratinous epidermis, with thousands inside the epidermis. Luminescent cells containing luciferin and luciferase. When the oxygen in the body is sufficient, luciferin can be combined with the oxygen that the firefly inhales through the trachea when excited by luciferase to synthesize oxidized luciferase. This process releases energy. It turns into fluorescence. The glow of the firefly that is usually seen is bright and dark. It is the result of the firefly intermittently switching the valve to control the oxygen into the illuminator.