【目的】观察通腑泻热方对脓毒症大鼠生存保护及急性肺损伤的影响。【方法】选用SPF级SD大鼠120只,随机分为6组,空白对照组,假手术组,模型组,中药低、中、高剂量组,每组各20只。模型组及中药各剂量组均按照盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)法复制脓毒症动物模型,假手术组进行开腹、取出盲肠、放回腹腔、关腹。中药低、中、高剂量组分别于造模后6、18、30、42 h给予不同浓度通腑泻热中药灌胃给药,模型组按同样时间点予相应量生理盐水灌胃,观察48 h后各组大鼠生存率,活杀取大鼠肺组织观察肺组织病理学改变并予评分。【结果】各剂量中药组和模型组大鼠都出现不同程度死亡,存活大鼠肺组织出现不同程度肺损伤;中药各剂量组生存率较模型组显著升高,大鼠急性肺损伤病理评分显著降低,与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),并呈一定的剂量效应关系。【结论】通腑泻热方对脓毒症大鼠的生存具有一定的保护作用,并能改善脓毒症导致的急性肺损伤时肺组织的水肿及炎症情况。 【Objective】 To observe the effect of Tongfu Xiere Decoction on the survival protection and acute lung injury in septic rats. 【Methods】 One hundred and twenty SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, blank control group, sham operation group, model group and traditional Chinese medicine low, medium and high dose groups, with 20 rats in each group. The animal models of sepsis were established according to the method of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in the model group and each dose group of Chinese medicine group. The sham-operation group was given laparotomy, the cecum was removed, and the abdominal cavity was returned to the abdomen. Chinese medicine low, medium and high dose groups were given 6,18,30,42 h after modeling were given different concentrations Tongfu Xiezhong Chinese medicine intragastric administration, the model group at the same time point with the corresponding amount of saline gavage 48 h after the survival rate of rats in each group, to kill the rat lung tissue to observe the pathological changes in lung tissue and score. 【Results】 The rats in TCM and model groups all died to varying degrees and the lung tissues of surviving rats showed different degrees of lung injury. The survival rates of each dose group were significantly higher than those in model group, and the pathological score of acute lung injury in rats was significant Decreased, compared with the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01), and showed a dose-response relationship. 【Conclusion】 Tongfu Xiere Decoction has certain protective effect on the survival of septic rats, and can improve the edema and inflammation of lung tissue in acute lung injury induced by sepsis.