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意大利国土的80％为丘陵和山区。北部的阿尔卑斯山和纵贯南北的亚平宁山脉,使既有的铁路迂回曲折、标准不高。早在二十世纪二十年代,就进行了线路改造,例如修建长达18.5km的亚平宁隧道,此方案在旧线东面,由佛罗伦萨经普拉脱、韦尔尼奥穿过亚平宁山到博洛尼亚,与原线路相比,越岭高度降低约300m,里程缩短约三十余公里,牵引定数提高一倍。近年来,意大利国家铁路正在为实现铁路现代化作努力(见下图)。
80% of Italy’s territory is hills and mountains. The northern Alps and the Apennines running north and south make the existing railroads tortuous with low standards. As early as the twenties of the twentieth century, the line transformation was carried out, for example, the construction of an 18.5km Apennine Tunnel, on the east side of the old line, from Florence via Prato, Vernio through the Apennines to Bologna , Compared with the original route, the height of the ridge is reduced by about 300m, the mileage is shortened by about 30 kilometers, and the number of traction is doubled. In recent years, the Italian National Railway is making efforts to modernize the railway (see below).