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[目的]探讨影响助动车道路交通伤害的危险因素,为进一步开展道路交通伤害预防控制提供科学依据。[方法]采用病例对照研究方法,通过面对面问卷调查收集交通事故组、虚惊事故组和对照组助动车使用者的个人基本信息情况;交通安全相关的认知、态度、行为等问题;过去一年内发生交通事故或虚惊事故的情况。[结果]本研究共调查交通事故组127人,虚惊事故组149人,对照组406人。在控制年龄的情况下,影响交通事故发生的危险因素为文化程度低(OR=1.874,95%CI:1.110~3.164)和机动车道行驶(OR=1.829,95%CI:1.071~3.124);保护因素为上海本市户籍(OR=0.454,95%CI:0.285~0.725);影响虚惊事故发生的危险因素为逆向行驶(OR=1.870,95%CI:1.136~3.077)和机动车道行驶(OR=2.700,95%CI:1.646~4.431),保护因素为上海本市户籍(OR=0.468,95%CI:0.294~0.743)和睡眠充足(OR=0.574,95%CI:0.357~0.921)。[结论]文化程度低、非上海户籍、违反交通规则是助动车交通伤害的重要危险因素。应针对流动人口、文化程度较低者加强道路交通安全教育活动,积极引导助动车使用者改善驾驶危险行为、避免疲劳驾驶。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the risk factors that affect road traffic injuries of moving vehicles and provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of road traffic injuries. [Methods] A case-control study was conducted. Face-to-face questionnaires were used to collect personal basic information of traffic accident users, traffic accident-related accidents and control groups; traffic safety related issues such as cognition, attitude and behavior; Occurrence of a traffic accident or a false alarm. [Results] The study investigated a total of 127 traffic accident group, false alarm group 149, control group of 406 people. Under the control of age, the risk factors affecting traffic accidents were low educational level (OR = 1.874, 95% CI: 1.110-3.164) and motor vehicle lane driving (OR = 1.829, 95% CI: 1.071-3.124) (OR = 0.454, 95% CI: 0.285-0.725). The risk factors affecting the false alarm were reverse driving (OR = 1.870, 95% CI: 1.136-3.077) and motor vehicle driving (OR = 0.468, 95% CI: 0.294 ~ 0.743) and adequate sleep (OR = 0.574, 95% CI: 0.357 ~ 0.921). [Conclusion] Low educational level, non-Shanghai household registration and violation of traffic rules are important risk factors for vehicle traffic injuries. Traffic safety education should be strengthened for the floating population and those with lower educational level. Active guidance should be given to motor vehicle users to improve driving risk behaviors and avoid fatigue driving.