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根据淮南矿区大倾角(25°～45°)煤层开采地质和技术条件,采用物理模拟综合分析了大倾角煤层回采巷道围岩结构特征及采用锚杆支护时的围岩变形、破坏、应力演化等力学特征,揭示了大倾角煤层回采巷道围岩力学特征非对称演化机理。研究表明,实体煤回采巷道应重点支护顶板和高帮,而留小煤柱回采巷道应重点支护顶板和低帮。基于巷道围岩力学特征的非对称性,提出并实施了大倾角煤层实体煤回采巷道和留小煤柱回采巷道的非对称锚网索支护方法。工程应用表明,非对称锚网索支护能适应大倾角煤层回采巷道围岩结构和力学特征,有效控制巷道围岩变形。
According to the geology and technical conditions of coal mining with large dip angle (25 ° ~ 45 °) in Huainan mining area, the physical characteristics of surrounding rock in mining gateway with big dip angle and the deformation, failure and stress evolution of surrounding rock are analyzed by physical simulation And other mechanical characteristics, revealing the mechanics of asymmetry evolvement mechanism of the surrounding rock mechanics of mining gateway in the high inclined seam. The study shows that solid coal mining roadway should focus on supporting the roof and high-rise, while leaving small coal pillar mining roadway should focus on supporting the roof and low help. Based on the asymmetry of mechanics characteristics of roadway surrounding rock mechanics, an unsymmetrical anchor net support method is proposed and implemented for solid coal mining roadway and remaining small coal pillar mining roadway in high inclined seam. The engineering application shows that the asymmetric anchor net support can adapt to the structure and mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock in mining gateway with large dip angle and effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock.