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为了研究鮸的形态性状与体质量之间的关系,测量了524尾12月龄左右鮸的体质量(Y,g)和8个形态性状(cm),包括全长(X_1)、体长(X_2)、头长(X_3)、躯干长(X_4)、尾长(X_5)、尾柄长(X_6)、尾柄高(X_7)和体高(X_8).采用相关分析、回归分析、通径分析以及模型拟合等方法对其进行分析.结果表明:鮸所有性状两两之间存在极显著正相关关系,相关系数在0.834~0.941.经共线性诊断排除了体长这一具有严重共线性的性状后,采用逐步引入-剔除法进行多元回归并进行显著性检验,成功筛选出全长(X_1)、躯干长(X_4)、尾柄高(X_7)和体高(X_8)4个统计检验极显著的形态性状,并建立多元回归方程:Y=-444.188+7.943X_1+12.861X_4+38.254X_7+42.722X_8.通径分析结果显示,4个形态性状中,体高对体质量的直接作用最大(通径系数=0.351),全长次之(通径系数=0.335).对全长和体高与体质量之间的函数关系进行曲线模型拟合得出,在6个拟合模型中,幂函数模型拟合效果最好,方程为:y=0.013 x~(2.891)(全长);y=2.028x~(2.751)(体高).经适合性检验得知,全长比体高通过幂函数对体质量的预测效果更好.研究结果可为鮸的形态性状在选择育种中的有效利用提供重要参考.
In order to study the relationship between the morphological traits and body weight, the body weight (Y, g) and 8 morphological traits (529) of 12 months old were measured, including the total length (X_1) X_2, X_3, X_4, tail length (X_5), tail length (X_6), caudal peduncle height (X_7) and body height (X_8) were analyzed using correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis And the model fitting method.The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between all the traits, with a correlation coefficient of 0.834 ~ 0.941 .Collinearity diagnosis ruled out the body length as a serious collinearity After trait introduction, the multiple regression and significant test were carried out by stepwise introduction-exclusion method. Four statistical tests including full length (X_1), trunk length (X_4), tail height (X_7) and height (X_8) And the multiple regression equation was established: Y = -444.188 + 7.943X_1 + 12.861X_4 + 38.254X_7 + 42.722X_8. The path analysis showed that the direct effect of body height on the four morphological traits was the largest Coefficient = 0.351), followed by the full length (path coefficient = 0.335) .A curve model was fitted to the whole length and the functional relationship between body height and body mass In the six fitting models, the power function model has the best fitting effect, the equation is: y = 0.013 x ~ (2.891) (full length); y = 2.028x ~ (2.751) (body height) The results showed that the whole body length was better than the body height by power function, which could provide important reference for the effective use of the morphological traits in selection breeding.