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目的分析南宁市诺如病毒腹泻暴发疫情的流行特征及影响因素,为疾病防控提供科学依据。方法收集2015年-2016年南宁市诺如病毒疫情个案调查表和实验室检测资料,并进行统计分析。结果南宁市共报告22起诺如病毒腹泻疫情,累计病例194例,全部为临床诊断病例,无死亡病例。疫情暴发地点主要集中在学校;病例主要集中在秋冬季的9月、10月和11月;病例年龄主要为1岁~组(51.55%)和11岁~组(29.38%);可能的传播途径包括经气溶胶、人传人接触传播等。共采集439份肛拭子标本和22份水标本,检出诺如病毒RNA阳性数分别为144份和1份,检出率分别为32.80%和4.55%。结论 GⅡ型是南宁市诺如病毒疫情的主要毒株,疫情主要发生在人口密集的幼儿园和中小学,应重点针对这些单位,开展健康宣教,加强个人卫生习惯培养,同时加强饮用水卫生、食品卫生、食堂工作人员等的监测,减少诺如病毒腹泻暴发疫情的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of Norovirus virus outbreak in Nanning and to provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and control. Methods A questionnaire and laboratory test of Norovirus epidemics in Nanning between 2015 and 2016 were collected and analyzed statistically. Results A total of 22 cases of Norovirus virus diarrhea were reported in Nanning City. A total of 194 cases were reported, all of which were clinically diagnosed, with no deaths. The outbreaks were mainly in schools; the cases mainly concentrated in September, October and November in autumn and winter; the cases were mainly aged 1 to 51.55% and 11 to 29.38%; the possible routes of transmission Including aerosol, human transmission and so on. A total of 439 samples of rectal swabs and 22 water samples were collected. The positive numbers of norovirus RNA were 144 and 1 respectively, the detection rates were 32.80% and 4.55% respectively. Conclusions GⅡtype is the main strain of Norovirus in Nanning City. The epidemic mainly occurs in densely populated kindergartens and primary and secondary schools. It is necessary to focus on these units to carry out health education and public health education, strengthen personal hygiene habits, and strengthen drinking water hygiene and food Health, canteen staff and other monitoring to reduce the outbreak of Norovirus virus outbreaks of diarrhea.