当代行政学研究表明，行政系统及其活动在很大程度上受到特定的环境因素的影响和作用。只有在与政治──社会──文化环境的充分平衡之中，行政系统才可能使其效能趋向优化。而行政系统与社会环境之间保持动态平衡的能力，往往取决于行政系统的决策能力。行政决策是指国家行政 Contemporary administrative studies show that the administrative system and its activities are largely influenced and influenced by certain environmental factors. Only when fully balanced with the political-social-cultural environment can the administrative system optimize its efficiency. The ability to maintain a dynamic balance between the administrative system and the social environment often depends on the decision-making capacity of the administrative system. Administrative decision-making refers to the state administration