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目的:探讨短节段融合和长节段融合分别联合后路椎弓根螺钉系统内固定术治疗退变性脊柱侧弯的临床价值。方法:选择2014年1月至2018年2月在西南医科大学附属医院就诊的退变性脊柱侧弯患者74例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组和B组各37例。A组采用短节段融合联合后路椎弓根螺钉系统内固定术治疗，B组采用长节段融合联合后路椎弓根螺钉系统内固定术治疗。观察2组患者术前、术后1周、术后3、6个月侧弯Cobb角、脊柱冠状面和矢状面平衡，统计2组术后早期和远期并发症发生率。结果:B组术后1周、术后3、6个月Cobb角均小于A组(n P0.05)，术后6个月2组冠状面和矢状面平衡比较差异有统计学意义(n P0.05)。2组术后断棒/钉、假关节形成、临近节段病变比较差异无统计学意义(n P>0.05)，2组冠状面失平衡、侧凸进展比较差异均有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。n 结论:长节段融合联合后路椎弓根螺钉系统内固定术治疗退变性脊柱侧弯可改善患者Cobb角，降低术后侧凸进展发生，但易出现冠状面和矢状面失平衡，临床可根据实际情况选择。“,”Objective:To investigate the clinical value of short segment fusion and long segment fusion combined with posterior pedicle screw system internal fixation in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis.Methods:74 patients with degenerative scoliosis who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2014 to February 2018 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into group A and group B with a random number table of 37 cases each. Group A was treated with short segment fusion and posterior pedicle screw system internal fixation, while group B was with long segment fusion and posterior pedicle screw system internal fixation. The Cobb angle of scoliosis, the balance of coronal and sagittal plane of spine were observed before operation, 1 week after operation, 3 months after operation and 6 months after operation, and the incidence of early and long-term complications were counted.Results:The Cobb angle of scoliosis in group B was lower than that of group A at 1 week, 3 months and 6 months after operation (n P0.05). There was significant difference in the balance of coronal plane and sagittal plane between the two groups at 6 months after operation (n P0.05).n Conclusions:Long segment fusion and posterior pedicle screw system internal fixation can improve the Cobb angle and reduce the incidence of postoperative scoliosis, but it is easy to appear the imbalance of coronal and sagittal planes, which can be selected according to the actual situation.