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采用模型试验对3种不同渗漏类型的病险土石坝分别进行了波速-电阻率联合成像诊断试验。试验结果表明,采用电阻率成像诊断坝体的渗漏范围具有较高的精度,但在圈定心墙的渗漏通道时,由成像获得的电阻率异常区域较实际渗漏通道大;采用波速成像诊断坝体的渗漏范围时,诊断效果取决于含水率的变化幅度,含水率变化较小的区域,精度较低,但在圈定心墙渗漏通道时,波速成像却具有较高的精度。因此在土石坝渗漏诊断中,采用单一的电阻率成像或波速成像都具有一定局限性,而联合电阻率和波速成像可以有效提高坝体渗漏区域和心墙渗漏通道的诊断精度。
Three models of different types of dangerous earth-rock dams were used to carry out diagnostic tests of wave velocity-resistivity combined imaging with model test. The experimental results show that the resistivity imaging is used to diagnose the leakage range of the dam body with high accuracy. However, when the leakage channel of the core wall is delineated, the resistivity anomalous region obtained by imaging is larger than the actual leakage channel. When diagnosing the leakage range of dam body, the diagnosis effect depends on the variation range of water content and the region with smaller change of water content, but the accuracy is lower. However, when the leakage channel of the core wall is delineated, the wave velocity imaging has higher accuracy. Therefore, the single resistivity imaging or wave velocity imaging has some limitations in the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis, and the combined resistivity and wave velocity imaging can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of the leakage area and the leakage channel of the heart wall.