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云南宣威雁塘煤矿晚二叠世末期C1煤层蕴含了二叠纪—三叠纪界线事件演化以及宣威肺癌高发原因方面的重要信息。本文对该矿C1煤层(包括三个分层——B1、B2和B3)进行了刻槽分层采样,采用X射线荧光光谱和电感耦合等离子体质谱测试了24个样品中常量和微量元素。利用偏光显微镜和带能谱的扫描电镜(SEMEDX)对煤中的显微组分及矿物组成进行微区分析,利用X射线衍射对低温灰化后的煤样作了矿物的半定量分析。结果表明,雁塘矿C1煤中常量元素Ca、Mn、Si含量明显高于中国煤均值;与华南二叠纪煤平均值、中国煤平均值、世界煤平均值以及地壳元素丰度相比较,雁塘矿C1煤中的W、Co、Mo、Cd、Pb、Be、Sb、Cu、Ni、Zn、Zr和V等12种微量元素相对比较富集。结合相关分析和SEM-EDX微区分析方法,对C1煤中微量元素的赋存状态进行分析发现Cs、Ga、Nb、Ba、Rb、Th、Tl、U与灰分显著正相关,表明这些元素主要以无机矿物态赋存,其它元素赋存状态复杂。结合C1煤中12种富集元素在垂向上的含量分布特征,推断Co、Cu、V、Zn应主要来源于峨眉山玄武岩风化产物;Be和Zr主要受同沉积火山灰影响;Ni则可能受峨眉山玄武岩风化及同沉积火山灰的共同影响;同沉积火山灰是C1煤中W来源之一;Sb可能受中低温热液的影响。C1煤中Zr与我国南方其他地区P/T界线粘土岩中Zr的富集规律一致。C1煤中富集的微量元素与宣威肺癌高发区可吸入颗粒物中的高含量元素一致,推断C1煤的燃烧可能与宣威肺癌高发有关。C1煤中富集的有毒有害微量元素可能与二叠纪—三叠纪之交生物大灭绝期的独特环境有密切关系。
The C1 Coal Seam at the Late Late Permian in Yan Tong Coal Mine, Xuanwei, Yunnan, contains important information on the evolution of Permian-Triassic boundary events and on the causes of the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei. In this paper, the C1 coal seam (including three strata - B1, B2 and B3) of the mine was sampled by groove and groove. The contents of trace and trace elements in 24 samples were tested by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The microstructure and mineral composition of coal were analyzed by means of polarized light microscope and SEMEDX. The semi-quantitative analysis of minerals was carried out by using X-ray diffraction. The results show that the contents of Ca, Mn and Si in the C1 coal of Yan Tong Mine are obviously higher than those of the Chinese coal. Compared with the Permian coal average, the coal average in China, the average coal in the world and the elemental abundance of the crust in South China, 12 kinds of trace elements such as W, Co, Mo, Cd, Pb, Be, Sb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Zr and V in the coal of Yitang Mine C1 are relatively rich. Combining the correlation analysis and the SEM-EDX microanalysis method, we analyzed the occurrence of trace elements in C1 coal and found that Cs, Ga, Nb, Ba, Rb, Th, Tl and U were positively correlated with ash, indicating that these elements are mainly Inorganic mineral state, other elements of the complex state of occurrence. According to the vertical distribution of 12 kinds of enrichment elements in C1 coal, it is concluded that Co, Cu, V and Zn should be mainly derived from the Emei basalt weathering products; Be and Zr are mainly affected by syndeposition volcanic ash; Ni may be affected by Emeishan basalts Weathering and co-depositional volcanic ash; co-deposited volcanic ash is one of the W sources in C1 coal; and Sb may be affected by mid-low temperature hydrothermal fluids. The enrichment of Zr in C1 coal is consistent with the enrichment of Zr in P / T boundary clay rocks in other parts of southern China. The trace elements enriched in C1 coal are consistent with the high content elements of respirable particulate matter in the high incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei. It is concluded that the combustion of C1 coal may be related to the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei. The poisonous and harmful trace elements enriched in C1 coal may be closely related to the unique environment of Permian-Permian extinction.